Methodological recommendations "modular principle of the pedagogical process in pre-school educational institutions." Application of the modular principle of organizing the pedagogical process in kindergartens as an innovative technology in the speech development of preschool children
Subject-spatial development environment in preschool educational institutions.
Junior group of kindergarten "Solnyshko"
The organization of the subject-development environment in the preschool educational institution is built in accordance with the principles of the program“From birth to school”, edited by M.A. Vasilyeva, N.E. Veraksa and T.S. Komarova and “Concepts for building a developmental environment” by V.A. Petrovsky, corresponding to the personality-oriented model of interaction with preschoolers.
The group space is organized in the form of well-demarcated zones, equipped with a large number of developmental materials. All items and materials are available to children.
Such organization of space allows preschoolers to choose interesting activities for themselves, alternate them throughout the day, and gives the teacher the opportunity to effectively organize the educational process, taking into account the individual characteristics of children.
When creating a subject-development environment, you must remember:
The environment must perform educational, developmental, nurturing, stimulating, organized, and communicative functions. But the most important thing is that it should work to develop the child’s independence and initiative.
Flexible and variable use of space is necessary. The environment should serve to meet the needs and interests of the child.
The shape and design of the items is focused on the safety and age of children.
It is necessary to provide space in the group for children's experimental activities.
Decorative elements should be easily replaceable.
The kindergarten is a second home for employees and children. And you always want to decorate your home, make it cozy, original, warm, and different from others.
In accordance with the principles discussed, the following subject-development environment was created in the junior group of the preschool educational institution “Solnyshko”:
1. Center for theatrical activities;
2. Center for “Dressing” and role-playing games;
3. Center for physical development;
4. Center of the book;
5. Game center
6. Center for educational games;
7. Center of water and sand;
8. Center “Creative Workshop” (for the exhibition of children's drawings, children's creativity);
9. Hanging modules
10. Information blocks.
The equipment of the corners changes in accordance with the thematic planning of the educational process.
Center for theatrical activities.
The Theater Activity Center is one of the active sectors in our group.
The purpose of the theater corner:
Development of creative abilities in children;
Development of imagination, ability to improvise;
Development of memory, attention, expression of basic emotions;
Instill a sustainable interest in literature, theater, music;
All costumes and attributes are arranged so that it is convenient for children to take them and use them, and they will unite in subgroups based on common interests.
In the corner there are props for various types of theater: finger theater, tabletop, flat, masks for acting out scenes.
Dressing center.
In our group there is a corner that all children, without exception, love. Everyone chooses their own image, according to their sympathies and feelings living in their soul here and now. This provides psycho-emotional release and lifts your spirits. Children learn to combine things, fabrics, sizes. They study the purpose of things and their seasonality. They choose their own image.
Center for Physical Development.
To successfully solve the problems of physical education in preschool institutions, it is necessary to have physical education equipment, which should also be in the group room, in a specially designated place “physical education corner”. The selection of equipment and maintenance of the physical education corner is determined by the program objectives of both physical and comprehensive education of children. The teacher’s task is to teach children independent physical activity in limited space and the correct use of physical education equipment.
In our kindergarten group, the motor activity center is designed as part of a large play area. There are rolling toys for kids; balls of different sizes; balls - hedgehogs; bags filled with peas for hands; massage mats; massage mittens; skittles; dumbbells; ringbross; hoops; jump ropes; ropes, cords; dry pool; Children are constantly in active motion and use the toys offered at their own discretion. In the sports corner there are devices for organized children's activities: for sports games and exercises. That's why our center has masks for games. Basically, these are the characters that are most often found in their games: cat, hare, fox, bear, wolf. Items for carrying out exercises - for all children in the group: cubes, soft balls, plumes; breathing simulators - houses. Be sure to have a tambourine to perform exercises in the suggested rhythm.
Book Center.
The most accessible and effective way to develop children is reading. For many parents, this is also a very cheap way to keep their child busy. The educational potential of a children's book is limitless. Thinking, speech, memory, attention, imagination - all this is formed through communication with a book. For this reason, we decided to create a book museum. Our museum displays modern books, books from the childhood of our grandparents, and books created with our own hands. Moms, dads, grandmothers and even grandfathers responded to our proposal to create a book with their families. The topics chosen were varied: “My favorite pets”, “Polite words”, “Seasons”, “Our favorite kindergarten”, “My favorite grandparents” and many others. We actively use all the books presented, since fiction serves as an effective means of mental, moral, and aesthetic development of children.
Game center.
The play area contains a variety of games for children, taking into account age and gender education.
Center for educational games.
The center for educational games is aimed at developing speech, sensory perception, fine motor skills, and imagination.
Center of water and sand.
The “Water and Sand Center” in our group helps organize children’s cognitive and research activities. We are talking about playing and experimenting with various objects and natural materials. By organizing games with water and sand, we not only introduce children to the properties of various objects and materials, but also help them consolidate ideas about the shape, size, color of objects, develop fine motor skills, and lay the foundation for learning to design (molding from sand).
Suspended modules.
Small children do not know how to get bored; they need to constantly do something: look at something, touch something, observe something - for them this is the same action as running, jumping, playing. Therefore, the presence of hanging figures, butterflies, birds, stars in the room creates an atmosphere in which something is constantly changing and moving. A color cascade is very useful from an aesthetic and psychological point of view. There are many such cascades in our group room.
Creativity Center.
Creativity in the broad sense of the word is an activity aimed at obtaining something new and unique. In the design of the reception room there is always a place for children’s work and creativity. The exhibition is very colorfully decorated, where we display children's drawings and applications. In the creativity center, something is constantly changing depending on the lexical topics and techniques being mastered.
Information blocks.
On the wall in the hallway we placed a stand in which we place interesting and useful information for parents.
Menu information block. Parents always have information about their children's nutrition.
Development environment assessment indicators:
1. Positive emotional feeling of the child in the group;
2. Absence of conflicts among children;
3. Availability of children's activity products;
4. Dynamics of child development;
5. Low noise level.
Conclusion:
Each child in his development experiences the undoubted influence of his family, its way of life, and cultural preferences. In a kindergarten, the furnishings of all rooms serve one purpose: for the upbringing and development of the child in a team. Creating such a favorable environment is a great art, which includes a reasonable and beautiful organization of space and its elements. In the developmental environment surrounding the child, there must be the possibility that the child becomes the creator of his own objective world, in the process of personal developmental interaction with adults and peers, he becomes the creator of his own personality.
"Smart caterpillar"
(for children 5-7 years old)
Explanatory note:
The didactic game “Smart Caterpillar” is intended for teaching children 5-7 years old.
It is a multifaceted pedagogical equipment: it is a gaming method and form of teaching in various types of direct educational activities, in individual work with preschool children and independent play activities.
Target: Increasing the efficiency and improving the quality of work with children of senior preschool age in teaching two state languages of the Republic of Tatarstan.
Maksat: Tatarstan Republicsynyn ike dәүlәt telenә mәktepkәchә yashtәge balalarny өyrәtүeshenѣ syyfatyn kamillәshterү һәmnәtiҗәlegen үsterү.
Tasks:
- Cultivating in children a sense of patriotism, interest in folk art, and the ability to see beauty.
- To promote the memorization of Tatar words, to create the need to communicate with peers in two state languages.
- To form a personality with a high level of national self-awareness and spiritual culture.
- Develop cognitive interest in the linguistic culture of the Tatar people.
Equipment: The “smart caterpillar” is made of different numbers of multi-colored disks and mayonnaise lids covered with self-adhesive tape. It consists of a head and separate parts of the body (the number of links can be adjusted depending on your goals). Transparent pockets are glued to the body links, into which pictures by topic will be inserted. One track has adhesive tape glued to the back of the links for attaching to the board. In another caterpillar, the links are connected to each other by multi-colored ribbons.
In working with this manual, you can use many options for different games.
(on various lexical topics).
Target: Strengthen children's ability to differentiate general concepts, name and select appropriate pictures on the proposed topics (vegetables and fruits, clothes and shoes, etc.) in the Tatar language.
Develop attention, memory, thinking.
Preparatory work: Select subject pictures for several lexical topics based on the number of circles for each caterpillar.
Short description: The teacher offers to help the caterpillars grow. To do this, you need to split into two teams (or invite two children). One team collects a caterpillar with the names of vegetables, the other - fruits. Whoever assembles it faster, or, alternatively, who has the longest caterpillar, wins. Children summarize by naming all the vegetables and all the fruits in Tatar.
Target: Development of phonemic analysis and phonemic representations, as well as attention and thinking, develop fine motor skills of the hands.
Preparatory work: Select object pictures that begin with different sounds.
Short description: The teacher introduces the children to caterpillars, explaining that one caterpillar is called Asia, the other is Ulya. Only they have mixed up their clothes and can’t figure it out. We need to help Asiya select pictures that begin with the sound [k], and Ole - with the sound [p], who is faster. For example, kulmek - dress, cap.
You can play with either one or two caterpillars, depending on the age of the children and their capabilities. The child, selecting pictures, names them in Tatar and explains his choice.
Target: Teach children to solve examples of addition and subtraction; practice counting in Tatar; develop attention and thinking.
Short description:
The child names the number in Tatar and puts it in his pocket.
The child places an example of addition or subtraction with pictures in pockets, counts, solves and looks for the correct answer.
Target: Generate interest in the Tatar language. Enrich your vocabulary.
Short description: There are plot pictures on the table. You need to look at them and make up a sentence for each picture in the Tatar language of 3 words. Who wants to make a sentence based on the first picture? (4-5 children play). How many words are in your sentence? Right guys? Let's count everything together in Tatar. Well done! We completed the task.
These games can be used in different age groups, adapting the lexical material of the educational complex “Speaking Tatar”, setting tasks according to the age and abilities of the children. With the “Smart Caterpillar” manual you can come up with a huge variety of games. It all depends on imagination and the desire to invent something new. All in your hands!
List of the game module kit.
1. Game field “Forest clearing” 1 pc.
2. Caterpillar 2 pcs.
3. Discs 10 pcs.
4. Lids 15 pcs.
5. Boxes with cards 11 pcs.
Literature:
1. Wenger L.A., Dyachenko O.M. "Games and exercises to develop mental abilities in preschool children." Moscow: Education, 1989.
2. Sorokina A.I. "Didactic games in kindergarten." Moscow: Education, 1982.
3. Tumakova G.A. “Introducing preschoolers to the sounding word.” Moscow: Education, 1991.
4. Shvaiko G.S. “Games and play exercises for speech development.” Moscow: Education, 1983.
Photos were taken by Denisova M.G., Nikolaeva N.V.
Children's hanging mobile. MK and ideas...
It’s so easy to make a bright colorful hanging mobile together with your child (or for a child), which can be hung on a wall, a chandelier or on a window, so that passers-by can admire your creativity. Kids will love the idea of making this active toy with their own hands.
1. This cute cockchafer was made from an egg carton in just half an hour.
We will need:
1. 2 cells from a cardboard egg carton
2. Colored cardboard or a piece of old wallpaper, postcards lying around
3. Gouache: red, orange, brown, green, white and red,
4. Scissors
5. Cutting
6. Braid
7. Twigs
8. 1 black pompom
9. Eyes
10. Glue
11. Brush
12. Hot glue
Body
1. You need to prepare a cardboard egg box: turn it upside down, take paint of the desired color and paint the cells. Painting should be done in pairs, that is, we paint 2 cells with one color. 
2. After the paint has dried, you need to carefully cut out the cells and remove unnecessary cardboard residues from the workpiece. 
Wings][
3. Cut out 2 wings (size 2x2cm), and glue them together with a pattern on the outside. 
Body+ wings
4. We fasten the body and wings so that between the 1st and 2nd parts of the body there are wings and a braid that will come out of the middle.
Head
5. Take a pompom and glue eyes on it. Using hot glue, we attach horns to the top of the head, which can be of completely different shapes.
Body+wings+head
6. Using hot glue, connect the head to the body 
7. We tie the finished beetle to a prepared base of wooden rods 
2. Or try making this wonderful butterfly mobile with your kids:
You can decorate your bedroom or children's room with them, or give them as a gift to someone - everyone will like these mobiles! Of course, they are so tender and graceful! Well, let's get started with the process?
To make a butterfly mobile you will need:
. A small wreath (about 30 cm in diameter) or a hoop from a hoop, or something else round (whatever you find);
. Fishing line;
. The pink ribbon is transparent or colored - at your discretion;
. Ribbon with polka dots or other ornament, or a strip of tulle;
. Artificial vine 45 cm long;
. Remnants of plain white or pink tulle;
. Double-sided tape or glue.
Operating procedure
1. Wrap the wreath with green vine and polka dot ribbon. 
2. Cut out 32 large butterflies and 32 smaller ones. You can do this using the following template: 
3. Cut 4 pieces of fishing line 56 cm long. Using glue or double-sided tape, connect the small and large butterflies, leaving 13 cm of fishing line free at the top. Each piece of fishing line will produce 4 butterflies. 
4. From the remains of white or pink tulle, cut 8 strips 13 cm wide and 50 cm long.
Take 4 more pieces of fishing line 56 cm long. Gather the pieces of tulle onto a thread using a needle, leaving pieces of thread along the edges - you will get 8 lush school bows. Tie these bows to the fishing lines - 2 for each.
Make 8 pieces of pink ribbon, approximately 50 cm long, and burn the edges to prevent splitting. Now tie them with bows on fishing lines - 2 for each. In general, you should end up with something like this: 
5. Alternating fishing lines with butterflies and fishing lines with bows, tie them to the wreath. You can vary the height: for example, tie butterflies higher, bows lower, or just at random - everything is at your discretion. Carefully cut the line at the very top.
3. Here is another amazingly beautiful butterfly mobile:
How to make such a simple but colorful “butterfly” mobile from felt or paper that will be perfect for decorating a child’s room? Yes, very simple!
You will need plates of multi-colored felt or felt, white threads, beads, thick cardboard for the base and two white openwork paper napkins.
Instead of felt, you can use colored double-sided paper.
First, we cut out a circle from thick cardboard according to the diameter of the napkin, which we then glue onto it.
Then we cut out 19-20 butterflies according to the template (they do not have to be all the same size).
Then we string the butterflies onto a thread, alternating with felt beads or small cardboard circles (1cm radius), if you chose the cardboard option. Felt butterflies can be made in two layers and sewn together with large stitches, departing about 0.5 cm from the edge.
We need to make 4 threads with butterflies. Arrange the butterflies by color first on the table and see in what combinations they look best. Each thread starts with a large knot and bead. Take threads approximately 1.5 m long and do not cut off any excess until the last moment.
When all the threads are collected, you will need to make four holes in the cardboard circle with an awl. We will thread the threads in them, adjust them in height, then tie knots and only then cut off the excess.
4. Mobile "Solar System"
5. Hanging mobile “Bright Aquarium”, which the kids can make themselves.
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Materials: It is desirable that the base of the fish and the three-dimensional body be of different colors. |
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In general, to make such mobiles you only need colored paper, glue and thread. Everything is very simple!))
6. And of course, no one canceled sewn mobiles)). This is where the diversity of colors, shapes and ideas really comes into play.!
Made Soft modules are made of foam rubber, covered with artificial leather (vinyl leather). The soft modules are made of foam rubber and covered with artificial leather (vinyl leather). Thanks to the use of high-quality materials, the products can withstand loads well, quickly restore their original shape and do not require complex hygienic care. Thanks to the use of high-quality materials, the products can withstand loads well, quickly restore their original shape and do not require complex hygienic care. The materials used are safe for health and do not contain harmful chemical compounds, allergens or heavy metals. The materials used are safe for health and do not contain harmful chemical compounds, allergens or heavy metals. It is universal and attracts with its versatility, safety of injuries, lightness, durability and hygiene. It is universal and attracts with its versatility, safety of injuries, lightness, durability and hygiene.
Objectives: For the development of motor activity For the development of motor activity For constructive and cognitive activity For constructive and cognitive activity For the development of the social and emotional sphere in the organization of role-playing games: For the development of the social and emotional sphere in the organization of role-playing games:
I. For the development of motor activity Development of general mobility Development of general mobility Strength endurance training of all muscle groups Strength endurance training of all muscle groups Development of coordination and agility Development of coordination and agility Development of balance Development of balance Improvement in the control of one’s movements Improvement in the control of one’s movements Consolidation of basic movements Consolidation basic movements Creating a positive emotional background for classes Creating a positive emotional background for classes
II. For constructive and cognitive activities Formation of ideas about the color, shape, size of objects Formation of ideas about the color, shape, size of objects Formation of mathematical concepts to consolidate quantitative order of counting, knowledge of numbers and numbers Formation of mathematical concepts to consolidate quantitative order of calculation, knowledge of numbers and numbers Skill put together a whole from parts and find parts as a whole Ability to put a whole from parts and find parts as a whole Expanding ideas about the world around Expanding ideas about the world around Development of constructive abilities and logical thinking Development of constructive abilities and logical thinking Development of independence in solving design problems Development of independence in solving design problems
III. For the development of the socio-emotional sphere in the organization of role-playing games Interior design Interior design Creation of a thematic space in accordance with the content of the games Creation of a thematic space in accordance with the content of the games Organization of joint games Organization of joint games
In mathematics games: 1. To consolidate quantitative and ordinal counting, knowledge of figures and numbers. 2. To consolidate the ability to distinguish colors: red, green, blue, yellow. All elements are used. Option 1: children must select figures of the specified color, regardless of shape. The one who collects the most pieces wins. Option 2: children are asked to count figures of a certain color, and indicate the named number with a number. Tablets are used Arrange the figures in order from left to right. Ask questions: “Which tablet is red?”, “What color is the first tablet?”, “Put a cube on the fourth figure,” etc.
In physical education classes: 1.To consolidate the basic movements: -walking -running like a snake -maintaining balance -jumping from a height Games and game exercises: “Don’t hit me” Walking and running like a snake between tablets. “Roll” Children, one after another, roll the balls “snake” between the tablets. “From bump to bump” Tablets are used that are placed in one line. Children, one after another, stand on the figure and jump off it.
2. In the outdoor games “Through the Swamp”, all elements are laid out in a checkerboard pattern. The children walk, stepping over the figures, through the “swamp”. “Find your house” option 1. The figures are located throughout the hall. Children choose one of them. At the signal “Go for a walk!” children run away in different directions. At the second signal “Find your house!” - they run to their figures. Option 2. The figures are removed one by one. Children must occupy any figure as quickly as possible. Whoever occupies the house wins. Option 3. The figures are located throughout the hall. Every child has a cube. Children run around the hall to the music. When the music stops, they run to the figures corresponding to the color of the cube. “Overcome the obstacle course” An obstacle course is created from the elements of soft modules, which children must complete: crawling, walking for balance, high jumping and jumping from a height. Relay races “Whose team will complete the task faster” 1. Build a house. The team that completes the task faster wins. 2. Jump over the block. Crawl across, moving on your belly.
To decorate a group room with a corner of nature, I would like to offer a hanging module, which, without any doubt, will decorate the room and will be a convenient display material. The tree can “change” its crown (depending on the time of year) and hanging figures (depending on the theme). Hanging figurines can be figurines of forest animals and figurines of fruit.
Download:
Preview:
Group design Hanging module Group “Special Child”
Hanging volumetric module “Forest tree”
Autumn
Winter
Spring
Summer
Description: To decorate a group room with a corner of nature, I would like to offer a hanging module, which, without any doubt, will decorate the room and will be a convenient display material. The tree can “change” its crown (depending on the time of year) and hanging figures (depending on the theme). Hanging figurines can be figurines of forest animals and figurines of fruit.
Materials for making the module:
Double-sided cardboard:For the tree trunk you will need 2 sheets of brown cardboard. For figurines of forest animals, cardboard is selected in accordance with the color of the object at this time of year.
Templates used for the barrel and figures.To make the module, you can use the templates included below, as well as use reusable stencils depicting the outlines of animals, birds and fruits. These stencils are used by many teachers to develop graphomotor skills in children.
Manufacturing process:1.Cut out the necessary parts according to the templates. 2. We put together the parts of the trunk and crown (the crown part is located between the parts of the trunk). 3.Sew the parts together in the center using regular thread. 4. Fold each part of the trunk in half, giving volume to the tree. 5. We hang the tree from the ceiling by a thread attached to the crown. 6. We hang figures of forest animals or fruits cut out of cardboard (according to the time of year) from the roots and crown of the tree.
